Numerical Study on the Green-Water Loads and Structural Responses of Ship Bow Structures Caused by Freak Waves

In recent decades, freak waves, characterized by their unusual high amplitude, sharp crest, and concentrated energy, have attracted researchers’ attention due to potential threat marine structures. Green-water loads caused waves can be significant may lead local damage the ship Therefore, this paper focuses on study of green-water examines structural responses bow structures under influence waves. Firstly, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank is established in which superposition model used generate Validations freak-wave generation, motion response loading are carried out verify present solvers. The simulation interaction between conducted obtain process loads. Secondly, finite element (FEM) built, applied calculate responses. Finally, displacement stress deck breakwater analyzed. It found that green water events enormous impact forces breakwater, resulting severe even possible strength needs considered practical engineering applications.